Household energy efficiency, 2023
In the last five years, a third of households implemented at least one measure to increase the energy efficiency
In 2023, the majority of households (62%) had central heating. The most common primary heating sources were wood logs (30%), natural or propane gas (19%), and renewable sources (14%). 95% of households had adequately warm dwelling in winter and 88% had adequately cool one in summer.
Central heating the most common type of heating dwellings
In the past year, the largest share of households (62%) used central heating as their primary heating method. Central heating was even more prominently favoured as the primary heating method in detached houses (71%). The second most common heating methods were heat pumps and district heating (both 13%). Regarding building type, the share of households using district heating was highest in buildings with 10 or more flats (43%), while heat pumps were most commonly used by households residing in detached houses (18%).
A less common heating method was individual heating solutions, including floor heating, thermal storage heaters, fixed electric radiators, infrared panels, wood stoves, fireplaces, stoves, air conditioning units (10%), and even less frequently, portable heating methods such as portable electric radiators and electric fan heaters (1%).
At the level of statistical regions, the share of households using central heating was the highest in the Goriška statistical region (71%), and the lowest in the Obalno-kraška statistical region (48%). Moreover, households in Obalno-kraška represented the largest share among all statistical regions of those using individual heating (33%).
Wood logs the most important heating source
Last year, the largest share of households relied on wood logs as their primary heating source (30%), followed by natural or propane gas (19%), and renewable sources (heat pumps, solar panels, or other renewable sources) (14%).
Among homeowners, wood logs were the most commonly used energy source for heating (31%), whereas among renters, natural or propane gas was the main heating method (31%).
Differences regarding the main heating source also manifest concerning the risk of social exclusion among households. Wood logs were used as the main heating source by 38% of households at-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion, while the share among households not facing this risk was 28%. Renewable sources were used by 6% of households at-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion, compared to 16% of households not facing this risk. Among households at-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion, 11% relied on electricity as their main energy source, whereas among those not facing this risk, the figure was 5%.
Insulation of walls the most common improvement on buildings
In 34% of households, at least one measure to improve the insulation of walls, roof, floors, or replace windows or heating systems was implemented in the building where the households resided in the last five years.
Among these measures, the majority of households cited the improvement of insulation in external or internal walls (14%), while the least common measure was improving insulation in floors (3%).
Regarding household income, improving walls was the most common measure in the second income quintile (16%), while the replacement of heating systems with better or more efficient ones was the most common measure in the fifth income quintile (14%).
The highest share of households had double-glazed windows
Among the measured types of window glazing, 74% of households had double-glazed windows, 17% had triple-glazed windows, 5% had single-glazed windows, and 4% had mixed glazing. Regarding building type, households in buildings with 10 or more flats had the highest share of double-glazed windows (80%), while those residing in detached houses had the highest share of triple-glazed windows (20%).
The majority of households had adequately warm dwellings in winter and adequately cool dwellings in summer
Regarding the heating system and insulation in their dwellings, 95% of households reported that they have adequately warm dwellings in winter; among those with central heating, the figure was 96%, while among those with alternative heating methods, it was 88%.
Regarding the cooling system and insulation in their dwellings, 88% of households reported that their dwellings are adequately cool in summer; as expected, the share was higher among households with air conditioning (95%) than in households without air conditioning (83%).
Tables with the latest data are available in the SiStat Database.
In the past year, the largest share of households (62%) used central heating as their primary heating method. Central heating was even more prominently favoured as the primary heating method in detached houses (71%). The second most common heating methods were heat pumps and district heating (both 13%). Regarding building type, the share of households using district heating was highest in buildings with 10 or more flats (43%), while heat pumps were most commonly used by households residing in detached houses (18%).
A less common heating method was individual heating solutions, including floor heating, thermal storage heaters, fixed electric radiators, infrared panels, wood stoves, fireplaces, stoves, air conditioning units (10%), and even less frequently, portable heating methods such as portable electric radiators and electric fan heaters (1%).
At the level of statistical regions, the share of households using central heating was the highest in the Goriška statistical region (71%), and the lowest in the Obalno-kraška statistical region (48%). Moreover, households in Obalno-kraška represented the largest share among all statistical regions of those using individual heating (33%).
Wood logs the most important heating source
Last year, the largest share of households relied on wood logs as their primary heating source (30%), followed by natural or propane gas (19%), and renewable sources (heat pumps, solar panels, or other renewable sources) (14%).
Among homeowners, wood logs were the most commonly used energy source for heating (31%), whereas among renters, natural or propane gas was the main heating method (31%).
Differences regarding the main heating source also manifest concerning the risk of social exclusion among households. Wood logs were used as the main heating source by 38% of households at-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion, while the share among households not facing this risk was 28%. Renewable sources were used by 6% of households at-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion, compared to 16% of households not facing this risk. Among households at-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion, 11% relied on electricity as their main energy source, whereas among those not facing this risk, the figure was 5%.
Insulation of walls the most common improvement on buildings
In 34% of households, at least one measure to improve the insulation of walls, roof, floors, or replace windows or heating systems was implemented in the building where the households resided in the last five years.
Among these measures, the majority of households cited the improvement of insulation in external or internal walls (14%), while the least common measure was improving insulation in floors (3%).
Regarding household income, improving walls was the most common measure in the second income quintile (16%), while the replacement of heating systems with better or more efficient ones was the most common measure in the fifth income quintile (14%).
The highest share of households had double-glazed windows
Among the measured types of window glazing, 74% of households had double-glazed windows, 17% had triple-glazed windows, 5% had single-glazed windows, and 4% had mixed glazing. Regarding building type, households in buildings with 10 or more flats had the highest share of double-glazed windows (80%), while those residing in detached houses had the highest share of triple-glazed windows (20%).
The majority of households had adequately warm dwellings in winter and adequately cool dwellings in summer
Regarding the heating system and insulation in their dwellings, 95% of households reported that they have adequately warm dwellings in winter; among those with central heating, the figure was 96%, while among those with alternative heating methods, it was 88%.
Regarding the cooling system and insulation in their dwellings, 88% of households reported that their dwellings are adequately cool in summer; as expected, the share was higher among households with air conditioning (95%) than in households without air conditioning (83%).
The difference is evident among households at-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion. Among such households, 88% had adequately warm dwellings in winter, while 82% had adequately cool dwellings in summer. Among those not facing this risk, 96% had adequately warm dwellings, and 89% had adequately cool dwellings.
Tables with the latest data are available in the SiStat Database.
METHODOLOGICAL NOTE
The data from the ad hoc module “Household energy efficiency, 2023” were collected in the framework of the internationally comparable survey Living Conditions (EU-SILC), with a survey questionnaire in the first half of 2023 (survey year) and the use of administrative and register data mostly referring to 2022. In this release, we publish final data for 2023.
Additional explanations are available in the methodological explanations.
The survey is co-funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or Eurostat. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.
Additional explanations are available in the methodological explanations.
The survey is co-funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or Eurostat. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.
When making use of the data and information of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, always add: "Source: SURS". More: Copyright.
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