Research and development activity, detailed data, 2023

Expenditure on research and development in 2023 increased by 14%

In 2023, about EUR 1.4 billion was allocated for R&D, with nearly 26,000 individuals working in the field.

  • 5 March 2025 at 10:30
  • |
  • final data
Expenditure on research and development is higher compared to the previous year

Provisional data presented on 5 November 2024 in the release Research and development activity, 2023 are now available as final in the SiStat Database.

The gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Slovenia amounted to EUR 1.364 billion in 2023, showing a nominal increase over the previous year. Compared to 2022, expenditure grew by EUR 170 million. R&D expenditure accounted for 2.1% of GDP.

Businesses are the main R&D performers and source of funding

Both in terms of performing and in terms of funding, R&D is concentrated in the business enterprise sector. In 2023, business enterprise sector R&D expenditure reached EUR 938 million, accounting for slightly more than two-thirds or 69% of total GERD. In the government and higher education sectors combined, these expenditures amounted to EUR 411 million or 30% of GERD.

The financial contribution of the business enterprise sector to R&D was EUR 647 million or 47% of GERD, making it the largest contributor among all sectors. Foreign sources financed 24% of GERD. Across all sectors combined, EUR 94 million was allocated to green technology R&D, and EUR 48 million to R&D of artificial intelligence technologies.

Nearly 26,000 individuals worked in R&D

A total of 25,863 people were involved in R&D activities in 2023, with their workload equivalent to 17,879 full-time employees. Among those working in R&D, 17,587 were researchers.
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by sector of performance, Slovenia, 2023
Sector of performanceGross domestic expenditure
on R&D
Percentage of GERD
1,000 EUR%
Total1,364,626100.00
Business sector938,47168.77
Government sector223,38716.37
Higher education sector188,07813.78
Private non-profit sector14,6911.08
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by source of funds, Slovenia, 2023
Source of fundsGross domestic expenditure
on R&D
Percentage of GERD
1,000 EUR%
Total1,364,626100.00
Business enterprises647,48047.45
Government378,41827.73
Higher education8,8950.65
Private non-profit organisations1,2520.09
Abroad328,58224.08
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (business sector) by concentration1) , Slovenia, 2023
Expenditure on R&DPercentage within
business sector
1,000 EUR%
Top 5 enterprises387,74941.32
Top 10 enterprises465,17049.57
Top 20 enterprises550,30858.64
Top 50 enterprises664,87570.85
Top 100 enterprises741,64079.03
1) Top enterprises by expenditure on R&D.
Total R&D personnel1) by sector of employment, Slovenia, 2023
Sector of employmentTotal R&D personnelResearchersTotal R&D personnelResearchers
numberFTE2)
Total25,86317,58717,878.711,893.2
Business sector15,1438,84311,268.06,688.5
Government sector3,9613,0383,040.42,245.7
Higher education sector6,4245,4593,393.72,831.4
Private non-profit sector335248176.7127.6
1) Data include both internal and external R&D personnel.
2) Full-time equivalent.
METHODOLOGICAL NOTE
Additional explanations are available in the methodological explanations.
When making use of the data and information of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, always add: "Source: SURS". More: Copyright.